Nutrition and Health Characteristics of Low-Income Populations: Volume II, WIC Participants and Nonparticipants

By Nancy Cole and Mary Kay Fox. ERS project representative: Biing-Hwan Lin

E-FAN No. (04014-2) 193 pp, December 2004

Data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III), conducted in 1988-94, were used to compare the nutrition and health characteristics of participants and nonparticipants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). This research was designed to establish a baseline from which to monitor the nutritional and health characteristics of WIC participants and nonparticipants over time. Because of age-based variations in the survey protocols and small samples of pregnant and postpartum women, data were not consistently available among women, infants, and children. Data availability was the richest for children and most limited for pregnant women.

Keywords: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, WIC, food assistance, program nonparticipants, nutrition and health outcomes, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES-III, low-income populations, FANRP, ERS

In this report ...

Chapters are in Adobe Acrobat PDF format.

• Abstract, Acknowledgments, Contents, List of tables and figures, and Executive Summary, 251 kb
• Chapter One: Introduction, 170 kb
• Chapter Two: Usual Intake of Food Energy and Nutrients Among Children Ages 1 to 4, 55 kb
• Chapter Three: Healthy Eating Index Scores and Usual Intake of Dietary Fiber Among Children Ages 2 to 4, 81 kb
• Chapter Four: Health-Related Behaviors, 55 kb
• Chapter Five: Health Status, Conditions, and Risks, 69 kb
• Chapter Six: Access to Health Care Services, 39 kb
• References, 85 kb
• Appendix A: NHANES-III Data Files, 159 kb
• Appendix B: Reference Standards, 462 kb
• Appendix C: Statistical and Reporting Guidelines, 66 kb
• Appendix D: Detailed Tables, 292 kb

• Entire report, 1,431 kb

1. Effects of Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs on Nutrition and Health: Volume 1, Research Design, FANRR-19-1

2. Effects of Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs on Nutrition and Health: Volume 2, Data Sources, FANRR-19-2

3. Effects of Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs on Nutrition and Health: Volume 3, Literature Review, FANRR-19-3

4. Effects of Food Assistance and Nutrition Programs on Nutrition and Health: Volume 4, Executive Summary of the Literature Review, FANRR-19-4

5. Nutrition and Health Characteristics of Low-Income Populations: Volume I, Food Stamp Program Participants and Nonparticipants, E-FAN-04-014-1

6. Nutrition and Health Characteristics of Low-Income Populations: Volume III, School-Age Children, E-FAN-04-014-3

7. Nutrition and Health Characteristics of Low-Income Populations: Volume IV, Older Adults, E-FAN-04-014-4

Updated date: December 1, 2004